Subject as a substance. Hegel as a prophet of Modernity. Three ways to understand Subject’s substantivity in Hegel’s philosophy and the imanentization of reality in modern philosophy

Abstract

In the article we can read about the interpretation of Hegel’s philosophical system in the philosophy of the XXth century. Author states that modern social reality can be considered as a consequence of philosophical reflection concerning questions, which were self-evident in pre-Modern times and didn’t need any reflection. At the same time examples of modern reflection became a canon that needed its own interpretation. Considering this fact, it has been show how relations between subject and object were comprehended (designed) in different interpretive traditions of Hegel’s philosophy and how it influenced the legitimization of a new form of social reality, which is called Modernity.  There are three ways of interpreting (designing) Hegel’s philosophy depending on the fact what is understood as a subject, which should coincide with a substance: anthropologic, in which a person is understood as a subject, ontological, in the case of which subject is understood as an objective reality, and theological, in which subject is a God.

Basing on such classification, author proves that by expounding the system in Hegel’s philosophy understanding of a subject as a substance and at the same time as self-consciousness is legitimized. Subject (self-consciousness) becomes a reason and world’s logic and its history is a Spirit’s self-detection. After that an imanentization of reality and its transformation into one-dimensional one takes place, in which any other dimension is impossible in principle (logically) and the main sense of this subject is a maximum “realization” of itself in the earthly world with the greatest mastery of objectivity.