"Spetseedstvo" ta "spetsomanіya": relationship between soviet power and engineering specialists in Donbas in 1920's
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2014.2(128).24611Keywords:
engineering specialists, Donbas, the New Economic Policy, "spetseedstvo", " spetsemaniya"Abstract
The article describes the features of the relationship between Soviet power and engineering specialists, who was working in senior positions in factories and mines of theDonbasin the early 1920's. Interaction between professionals and the new government in that time was inconsistent and compromised. On the one hand, technical specialist received significant preferences and opportunities, regardless of their relationship to the Soviet authorities. This decision was based on the rational considerations about the impossibility of restoring the destroyed industry ofDonbasonly by party instructions, without relying on a professional understanding of the fundamental aspects of the industry. On the other hand, the local party members, their leaders and the working class began pressure on the specialist, because they not understood the rationalist motivation of power and evaluated this policy as a betrayal of conquests of the revolution.
The article presents a previously unknown secret document, which demonstrates that in the early 1920's the Soviet authorities in their policy in theDonbasmade a bid for the segmentation of the group of engineering specialists.
"Sovietization" of professionals should be the result of internal contradictions and competition in mid group. In the same document founded the practice of detailed surveillance specialists. Later this information about specialists was used as the base for charges during the "spetseedovskie" processes at the late 1920's -1930's.
References
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Статистика Донбасса. - 1923. - № 4-5. - С. 35.
Статистика труда в Донбассе. Орган Донецкого губернского совета профессиональных союзов. - 1925 (июнь). - № 2. - С. 42.
Державний архів Донецької області, ф.П-1, оп.1, спр. 1009, арк. 5-6.
Там само, арк. 5.
ЦДАГОУ, ф.1, оп. 20, спр. 410, арк. 20.
Державний архів Донецької області, ф. П-1, оп.1, спр. 600, арк. 87.
Там само, спр.2342, арк. 48-50.
Там само, ф. П-1, оп.1, спр. 1009, арк. 15.
Там само, арк. 16
Там само, ф.П-1, оп.1, спр. 154, арк. 17
Там само, арк. 18.
Там само, ф. П-1, оп.1, спр. 1090, арк. 20-21.
Там само, арк. 21.
Там само, арк. 22.
Там само.
Там само, арк. 22-23.
Там само, арк. 23-24.
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State Archive of the Donetsk region, ф.П-1, оп.1, спр. 1009, арк. 5-6.
Ibid, арк. 5.
Central State Archive of the public organization of Ukraine, ф.1, оп. 20, спр. 410, арк. 20.
State Archive of the Donetsk region, ф. П-1, оп.1, спр. 600, арк. 87.
Ibid, спр.2342, арк. 48-50.
Ibid, ф. П-1, оп.1, спр. 1009, арк. 15.
Ibid, арк. 16
Ibid, ф.П-1, оп.1, спр. 154, арк. 17
Ibid, арк. 18.
Ibid, ф. П-1, оп.1, спр. 1090, арк. 20-21.
Ibid, арк. 21.
Ibid, арк. 22.
Ibid.
Ibid, арк. 22-23.
Ibid, арк. 23-24.
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