Innovations in the determining of criminal offenses in soviet Ukraine in the conditions of liberalization in Khrushchev's time

Abstract

The liberalization of society during the Khrushchev's time renewed the social reflection about the "norm" and "deviation". The sense of these definitions was not so obvious and understandable for all as they were during the Stalinization of the Soviet country. Official critic of the previous system of ruling the country, mitigation of criminal and political repression, refusal of criminalization of minor deviations, amnesties (political and criminal), change the activities of law enforcement agencies, which was involved in the struggle against anti-social behavior - all of this moments was the part of a general changes in the country and specific changes in the system of law relations between the government and the people in the Soviet Union.

In time of the Khrushchev's social liberalization were liquidated a strict social filters which before this time gave a possibility to successfully demonstrate the low crime rate and "superiority of socialism". Innovations in the relationship between the people and the State in the second half of the 1950s - early 1960s led to the emergence of new forms of criminal activities and methods of crimes. It was a time when comes the phenomenon of "tsehovic" as private activity wich was integrated into the Soviet economic system, have been significantly extend petty theft from state enterprises (which was grown into the phenomenon of "nesuny" in Brezhnev's time), were organized systematic embezzlement and theft of state property. The organized crime, theft of state property, speculation, alcoholism and related offenses disorderly conduct became a main problem of the law enforcement activity at that time.

In 1960s fully manifests itself the problem of a new generation. Parents obviously tried to give for their children another life, without horror of war and the struggle for existence. On the one hand, this situation to formed the good position for a successful career for young people, which have very different starting positions than their parents. On the other hand this situation caused the mood of rejection, the desire to be outsider, to live of the distance from the system in its sole discretion and by its own rules. Last point of view forms the political dissent, economic deviation and the social "parasitism".

Crime statistics are demonstrated that the level of crime was depended of the objective and the subjective factors. Both wave of crime - in 1957-1958, and in 1961 conditionally distinguished the different stages in the penal policy of the State - the liberalization of the Stalinist penal system and to involving a wide range of social structures to implement the law enforcement function, and then - return to harsh measures for maintain of social order.