International Socialist Movement on the eve of the First World War
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2017.6(152).122197Keywords:
socialism, II International, capitalism, parliamentAbstract
In this general article peculiarity of the activity of the international socialist movement on the eve of the beginning of World War Iis discussed. It was established that, despite the growing role of the socialists in the socio-political life of European countries, they represented only an organized labor movement. The most influential socialist organizations were in Germany, Great Britain, Belgium, as well as in France and Italy. At the same time, in the pre-war period, the socialists of Eastern Europe, in particular the Russian Empire had a negligible impact on the activities of the Second International. An association with the left ideology managed to achieve significant success in propaganda of socialist slogans and the organization of the working class after the suppression of anarchists. Despite the declarative ideas of unity in the Second International, socialists from different countries did not have a common vision of the prospects for the development of the socialist movement, its goals and priorities, as well as the relation to cooperation with the official governments of the states. This led to the ideological division in the socialist movement of the reformists and radicals. The ideological and political divisions testified to the weakness of the Second International. Most Left unions and movements were convinced that the Austro-Serbian conflict could be localized and it would not be the beginning of large-scale hostilities. Conclusions are drawn that the ideological differences in the II International ended with the split of the international socialist movement with the onset of large-scale hostilities in Europe.
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